CL-SOM-iMX6UL: Linux: Getting started

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Introduction

This article provides an introduction on how to install the Debian example root filesystem image on the CompuLab CL-SOM-iMX6UL System-on-Module / Computer-on-Module NAND or eMMC internal storage devices.

Preparation steps

  • Obtain a PC workstation with a serial communication port.
  • For networked installation you need to install a TFTP server on the host PC. For Windows machines we recommend TFTPD32 included in the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL (link below).
  • Download the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL from CompuLab website. Unzip the package to a directory on your host workstation.
  • All image files mentioned below can be found in the images subdirectory.
  • Connect the host PC to the SBC-iMX6UL base-board (connector P8) via the serial cable supplied with the evaluation kit.
  • Start the terminal emulation software on your PC. Set baud rate to 115200 bps, 8 bit per frame, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control.
  • Turn on the CL-SOM-iMX6UL evaluation system. The U-Boot boot-loader will start and you will get a command prompt.
Admolition note.png If the boot settings of your CL-SOM-iMX6UL are different than the default, you may need to press and hold Ctrl-C while turning the CL-SOM-iMX6UL on, in order to get command prompt.

Boot into the installation environment (ramdisk)

The first step in CL-SOM-iMX6UL Linux installation is starting the installation environment (Linux kernel and Ramdisk image). This can be done using the following media:

Using installation environment on MMC/SD card

  • Copy kernel.img, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb, ramdisk.img and bootscr.img from Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL to the root directory on the first partition of the MMC/SD card. The partition can be formatted either ext2/3/4 or FAT file system.
  • Insert the MMC/SD card into the SD socket (P6) on the SBC-iMX6UL.
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot the installation environment on the CL-SOM-iMX6UL configuration:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # mmc dev 0
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # mmc rescan
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # load mmc 0 ${loadaddr} bootscr.img
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # source ${loadaddr}

Using installation environment on USB storage

  • Copy kernel.img, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb and ramdisk.img from Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL to the root directory on the first partition of the USB storage. The partition can be formatted either ext2/3/4 or FAT file system.
  • Insert the USB storage into a USB port on the SBC-iMX6UL.
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot the installation environment on a CL-SOM-iMX6UL configuration:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # usb start
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # load usb 0 ${loadaddr} bootscr.img
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # source ${loadaddr}
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot the installation environment on a CL-SOM-iMX6UL configuration:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv fdt_file imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv ramdisk_addr 0x82000000
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=16384 console=ttymxc2,115200'
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # usb start
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # load usb 0 ${load_addr} kernel.img && load usb 0 ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file} && load usb 0 ${ramdisk_addr} ramdisk.img
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # bootz ${load_addr} ${ramdisk_addr} ${fdt_addr}

Using installation environment from TFTP server

  • Connect the CL-SOM-iMX6UL Ethernet port (connector P9 marked as "CM ETHERNET" on the SBC-iMX6UL) to your local network.
  • Put kernel.img, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb and ramdisk.img from Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL to a location accessible by the TFTP server:
    - On Windows machine: copy kernel.img, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb and ramdisk.img to the same folder and point the TFTP server to that folder
    - On Linux machine: copy kernel.img, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb and ramdisk.img to the TFTP server root directory, usually /tftpboot or /tftproot.
  • You can use U-Boot dhcp command to obtain an IP address or manually set ipaddr environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv ipaddr <CL-SOM-iMX6UL ip address>
  • Set the serverip environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv serverip <tftp server host ip address>
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot Linux on CL-SOM-iMX6UL:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv fdt_file imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv ramdisk_addr 0x82000000
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 rw ramdisk_size=16384 console=ttymxc2,115200 ip=dhcp'
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # tftpboot ${load_addr} kernel.img && tftpboot ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file} && tftpboot ${ramdisk_addr} ramdisk.img
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # bootz ${load_addr} ${ramdisk_addr} ${fdt_addr}

Install Kernel and Debian Linux Images

After the ramdisk image is loaded the Linux login prompt will appear. Login as root into the system. Use 111111 password for login: 

compulab login: root
Password: 111111

The next step is installing the kernel and Debian Linux images. The following media can be used as a source for installation:

Debian Image

The latest Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL contain a Debian Sid rootfs image:

  • debian-image.tar.bz2

Mount an MMC/SD Card

  • Copy the debian-image.tar.bz2, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul-wilink.dtb, and the zImage-cl-som-imx6ul from the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL to the root directory of any partition on the MMC/SD card. The partition can be formatted as either ext2/3/4 or FAT file system.
  • Insert the MMC/SD card into the SD socket (P9) on the SBC-iMX6UL.
  • The MMC/SD card is mounted automatically under /media/mmcblk0pX. Where X is the partition number.
  • If for some reason the MMC/SD card hasn't been mounted automatically, use the following mount command:
root@compulab:~# mkdir -p /media/mmcblk0pX && mount /dev/mmcblk0pX /media/mmcblk0pX

Mount a USB Storage Device

  • Copy the debian-image.tar.bz2, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul-wilink.dtb, and the zImage-cl-som-imx6ul from the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL to the root directory of any partition on the USB storage device. The partition can be formatted as either ext2/3/4 or FAT file system.
  • Plug the USB storage device to the lower port on the dual USB host connector P6 of the SBC-iMX6UL.
Admolition note.png SBC-iMX6UL jumper E7 must be open
  • The USB device is mounted automatically under /media/sdXY. Where X is the device letter and Y is the partition number.
  • If for some reason the USB storage device hasn't been mounted automatically, use the following mount command:
root@compulab:~# mkdir -p /media/sdXY && mount /dev/sdXY /media/sdXY

Mount an NFS drive

  • Connect the CL-SOM-iMX6UL Ethernet port (connector P21 on the SBC-iMX6UL) to your local network.
  • Copy the debian-image.tar.bz2, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul-wilink.dtb, and the zImage-cl-som-imx6ul from the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX6UL to a directory exported through NFS.
  • Obtain an IP address for the CL-SOM-iMX6UL:
    • Using DHCP:
      root@compulab:~# ifup `basename /sys/devices/platform/enet.0/net/eth?`
    • If you do not have a DHCP server, you can set a static IP address using ifconfig:
      root@compulab:~# ifconfig `basename /sys/devices/platform/enet.0/net/eth?` <ip address>
  • Mount the NFS share containing the zImage-cl-som-imx6ul and the debian-image.tar.bz2 files:
root@compulab:~# mount -o nolock <host ip>:/path/to/nfs/share /mnt/net

Install Images

Once the ramdisk image is loaded and the media containing the CL-SOM-iMX6UL Kernel and Debian Linux images is mounted, the installation can be done on:

Install on MMC/SD or eMMC

Admolition note.png The below procedure will work only on an empty MMC device.
If you have already used the MMC device, please delete all the partitions before proceeding.
  • In this subsection the term /mount/point can be:
    • /mnt/net if NFS is used
    • /media/mmcblk0pX if an MMC/SD card is used, where X is the partition number.
    • /media/sdXY if USB storage is used, where X is the USB drive letter and Y is the partition number.
  • Define an environment variable that describes an MMC/SD device:

MMC/SD 

root@compulab:~# export TARGET_DEVICE=mmcblk0

MMC/SD on a Linux host

Admolition note.png MMC/SD is a removable device.
Thus a Linux host can be used in order to deploy the Kernel and the Debian rootfs on it.
In this case it is up to the user to figure out what the MMC/SD card device is.

For instance it can be /dev/sdg 

root@compulab:~# export TARGET_DEVICE=sdg

eMMC 

root@compulab:~# export TARGET_DEVICE=mmcblk1
  • Clean up the on the TARGET_DEVICE:
root@compulab:~# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/${TARGET_DEVICE} bs=1M count=1
root@compulab:~# hdparm -z /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}
  • Create two partitions for the Linux kernel (FAT32 100M) and root file system (EXT4 the rest of the disk) on the MMC device:
root@compulab:~# echo -e "n\np\n1\n\n+100M\na\n1\nt\nc\nn\np\n2\n\n\nw\neof\n" | fdisk /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}
  • Adjust the TARGET_DEVICE name:
root@compulab:~# TARGET_DEVICE=$(awk -v device=${TARGET_DEVICE} 'BEGIN {if (device~/mmc/) {part="p"}; print device part}')
  • Format the first partition with FAT32 file system:
root@compulab:~# mkfs.vfat -n boot /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}1
  • Format the second partition with EXT4 file system:
root@compulab:~# mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}2
  • Mount both partitions:
root@compulab:~# mkdir -p /media/boot && mount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}1 /media/boot
root@compulab:~# mkdir -p /media/rootfs && mount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}2 /media/rootfs
  • Copy zImage-cl-som-imx6ul, imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb and imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul-wilink.dtb to the first (FAT) partition:
root@compulab:~# cp /mount/point/zImage-cl-som-imx6ul /mount/point/imx6ul*.dtb /media/boot && sync
  • Extract the content of debian-image.tar.bz2 onto the second partition:
root@compulab:~# tar --numeric-owner -xvpjf /mount/point/debian-image.tar.bz2 -C /media/rootfs && sync
  • Unmount both partitions:
root@compulab:~# umount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}1
root@compulab:~# umount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}2

After Installation

Admolition note.png If the boot settings of the CL-SOM-iMX6UL are different than default, you may need to press and hold Ctrl-C while turning the CL-SOM-iMX6UL on, in order to get command prompt.

Boot Environment

Common Environment Variables

CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootdelay 3
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv image zImage-cl-som-imx6ul

Configuration Dependent Environment Variables

CL-SOM-iMX6UL makes use of the same interface for the first MMC and a WiFi. These devices can't be used simultaneously, thus two different device tree files are provided.

Admolition warning.png In case that the bootable device is mmc 0, then imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb must be used.
  • MMC
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv fdt_file imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb
  • WiFi
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv fdt_file imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul-wilink.dtb

Display Options

SBC-iMX6UL has an option to connect either an LCD or a DVI display.

Below are examples that show how to change the boot environment in order to set the correct interface timing and geometry and work with either an LCD or a DVI display separately.

  • DVI display enable function:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv dvi+ 'fdt add ${fdt_addr}; fdt rm /soc/aips-bus@02100000/lcdif@021c8000/display/display-timings/lcd'
  • LCD display enable function:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv lcd+ 'fdt add ${fdt_addr}; fdt rm /soc/aips-bus@02100000/lcdif@021c8000/display/display-timings/dvi'


MMC/SD or eMMC

  • mmcdev and fdt_file environment variables:

MMC 

CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv mmcdev 0
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv fdt_file imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul.dtb

eMMC 

CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv mmcdev 1
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv fdt_file imx6ul-sbc-imx6ul-wilink.dtb
  • mmcroot environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv mmcroot "/dev/mmcblk${mmcdev}p2 rootwait rw"
  • Kernel and device tree loaders:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv loadimage 'load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${loadaddr} ${image}'
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv loadfdt 'load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file}'
  • bootargs environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootargs "console=ttymxc2,115200 root=${mmcroot} ip=dhcp"

Boot command

  • Default boot command:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootcmd 'run loadimage ; run loadfdt; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdt_addr}'
Admolition note.png Make use of either dvi+ or lcd+ function depends on a desire display type
  • DVI enabled boot command:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootcmd 'run loadimage ; run loadfdt; run dvi+; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdt_addr}'
  • LCD enabled boot command:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # setenv bootcmd 'run loadimage ; run loadfdt; run lcd+; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdt_addr}'
  • To boot Linux, type:
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # saveenv
CL-SOM-iMX6UL # boot

See also

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