CL-SOM-iMX7: Linux: Debian
Overview
The example run-time Linux filesystem image for the CompuLab CL-SOM-iMX7 System-on-Module / Computer-on-Module is based on Debian GNU/Linux Sid. The CompuLab Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 includes ready to run image, Linux kernel configuration and source code patches, and an archive of the root filesystem, used to create the image.
The default Debian Wheezy Linux image includes more than 400 software packages. Among them:
- Core system
- Debian package management system
- X11 Windowing System
- Fluxbox desktop manager
- SSH server and client
- PulseAudio configuration and usage utilities
- Bluez5 Bluetooth tools and daemons
The Getting started with Linux on CL-SOM-iMX7 page provides a brief introduction on how to install the run-time Linux image. This article describes package structure and peripheral device options specific to the CL-SOM-iMX7.
Package contents
Layout
cl-som-imx7-linux ├── images │ ├── bootscr.img │ ├── debian-image.tar.bz2 │ ├── imx7d-sbc-imx7.dtb │ ├── kernel.img │ ├── ramdisk.img │ └── zImage-cl-som-imx7 ├── kernel │ ├── dtb │ │ ├── imx7d-cl-som-imx7.dtb │ │ └── imx7d-sbc-imx7.dtb │ ├── linux-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.config │ ├── linux-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.patch │ ├── modules_3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.tar.bz2 │ ├── patches │ │ ├── 0001-ARM-dts-imx7d-cl-som-imx7-add-basic-module-support.patch │ │ ├── ... │ │ └── 0017-ARM-dts-imx7d-cl-som-imx7-release-kernel-v3.14.52-cl.patch │ └── zImage-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.bin ├── README.txt ├── utilities │ ├── bootscr.sh │ ├── bootscr.src │ ├── eeprom-util │ │ ├── eeprom-util │ │ ├── eeprom-util-static │ │ └── eeprom-util-v2.1-sources.tar.gz │ └── tftpd32.zip └── version.txt
version.txt
The contents of the version.txt identifies the package version.
images
- zImage-cl-som-imx7 - ready to run Linux kernel image binary for CL-SOM-iMX7
- debian-image.tar.bz2 - Debian Sid armhf root file system with:
- Fluxbox WindowManager
- kernel.img - Kernel image required for installation onto the eMMC
- ramdisk.img - Ramdisk image required for installation onto the eMMC
- bootscr.img - U-Boot script used for image installation
kernel
- zImage-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.bin - ready to run Linux kernel version 3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0 for CL-SOM-iMX7
- dtb - Device tree blobs folder
- linux-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.config - Linux kernel 3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0 configuration file
- linux-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.patch - patch vs. FreeScale rel_imx_3.14.52_1.1.0_ga with support for CL-SOM-iMX7 peripherals
- patches - ordered collection of patches, that form the single patch above (linux-3.14.352-cl-som-imx7-1.0.patch)
- modules_3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.tar.gz - a modules tarball, that matches the ready to run Linux kernel (zImage-3.14.52-cl-som-imx7-1.0.bin)
utilities
The utilities directory contains miscellaneous utilities useful for development
- tftpd32.zip - TFTP server for Windows users
- eeprom-util - CompuLab EEPROM utility for reading information found inside the EEPROM on CompuLab boards
- bootscr.src - U-Boot script source used for loading kernel and ramdisk images from MMC/SD card
Using Debian Linux on CL-SOM-iMX7
Connection and Logging In
Use the following username and password to login:
Account with administrative privileges:
User: root Password: 111111
To login into the Linux system, you may use a serial console (ttymxc0) at 115200 bps, or connect through the network (ssh), or use a keyboard and LCD display (tty1,tty2,tty3,tty4).
Networking
To configure networking, edit /etc/network/interfaces, /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts. For more information about Debian Linux network configuration read:
- Network setup chapter in the Debian Reference
- Network Configuration chapter in the Debian Wiki
The majority of network setup can be done via the interfaces configuration file at /etc/network/interfaces.
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auto line is required for interfaces that have to be brought up at boot time. |
- Using DHCP to automatically configure the interface
auto eth0 allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp
- Configuring the interface manually
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.170
netmask 255.255.0.0
gateway 192.0.0.1
Consoles
The Linux file system image is designed to suit different kernel versions and configurations. Therefore, during the operating system startup, consoles at several serial ports and LCD display are enabled. Some of these devices may not be supported, either because of kernel versions incompatibilities, or because the kernel was not configured to support these devices. systemd is able to configure most of them. Detail information can be found here:
- Systemd getty generator [systemd-getty-generator]
- Gettys on Serial Consoles [serial-console]
X Windows system
The CompuLab distribution contains full featured X Windows system with Fluxbox window manager. Before starting X Windows, connect USB mouse and keyboard to the system. You can run X Windows by typing startx.
Software Management
The Debian Linux image for CL-SOM-iMX7 includes all the information required to use Debian package management utilities. You can use apt-get and dpkg out of the box.
USB On-The-Go (OTG)
CL-SOM-iMX7 features a high-speed USB 2.0 OTG controller. CL-SOM-iMX7 OTG port is USB host and USB device (gadget) capable.
In CL-SOM-iMX7 default kernel configuration, the USB host driver is compiled into the kernel, whereas USB gadget drivers are compiled as modules.
Gadget drivers should be loaded for OTG support.
Default CL-SOM-iMX7 kernel configuration enables g_serial, g_mass_storage and g_ether gadget drivers.
More gadget drivers can be enabled in the kernel configuration.
Testing OTG port
Host mode
Connect USB keyboard to OTG port.
ci_hdrc ci_hdrc.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 ci_hdrc ci_hdrc.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected usb 1-1: new low-speed USB device number 2 using ci_hdrc input: DELL Dell USB Entry Keyboard as /devices/soc.2/30800000.aips-bus/30b10000.usb/ci_hdrc.0/usb1/1-1/1-1:1.0/0003:413C:2107.0002/input/input2 hid-generic 0003:413C:2107.0002: input: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [DELL Dell USB Entry Keyboard] on usb-ci_hdrc.0-1/input0
Gadget mode
- g_mass_storage
# modprobe g_mass_storage file=/dev/mmcblk0 Number of LUNs=8 Mass Storage Function, version: 2009/09/11 LUN: removable file: (no medium) Number of LUNs=1 LUN: read only file: /dev/mmcblk0 Number of LUNs=1 g_mass_storage gadget: Mass Storage Gadget, version: 2009/09/11 g_mass_storage gadget: userspace failed to provide iSerialNumber g_mass_storage gadget: g_mass_storage ready g_mass_storage gadget: high-speed config #1: Linux File-Backed Storage
Connect desktop PC to OTG port.
In case the desktop PC is running Linux, this gadget will show up in the lsusb list:
Bus 001 Device 047: ID 0525:a4a5 Netchip Technology, Inc. Linux-USB File Storage Gadge
The new device information shows up in the system log.
[1825168.393211] sd 64:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 [1825168.393890] sd 64:0:0:0: [sdd] 15523840 512-byte logical blocks: (7.94 GB/7.40 GiB) [1825168.499913] sd 64:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is on [1825168.499919] sd 64:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 0f 00 80 00 [1825168.609953] sd 64:0:0:0: [sdd] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [1825168.839367] sdd: sdd1 [1825169.059950] sd 64:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI disk
- g_ether
# modprobe g_ether using random self ethernet address using random host ethernet address usb0: HOST MAC 12:b1:f6:45:ac:50 usb0: MAC 7a:89:db:ad:9d:60 using random self ethernet address using random host ethernet address g_ether gadget: Ethernet Gadget, version: Memorial Day 2008 g_ether gadget: g_ether ready g_ether gadget: high-speed config #1: CDC Ethernet (ECM)
In case the desktop PC is running Linux, this gadget will show up in the lsusb list:
Bus 001 Device 009: ID 0525:a4a2 Netchip Technology, Inc. Linux-USB Ethernet/RNDIS Gadget
A new network interface turns out in the ((cmd|ifconfig -a}} list:
usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 12:b1:f6:45:ac:50
inet6 addr: fe80::10b1:f6ff:fe45:ac50/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
- g_serial
i# modprobe g_serial g_serial gadget: Gadget Serial v2.4 g_serial gadget: g_serial ready g_serial gadget: high-speed config #2: CDC ACM config
In case the desktop PC is running Linux, this gadget will show up in the lsusb list:
Bus 001 Device 055: ID 0525:a4a7 Netchip Technology, Inc. Linux-USB Serial Gadget (CDC ACM mode)
The new device information shows up in the system log.
[184764.380141] cdc_acm 1-1.2.1:2.0: ttyACM0: USB ACM device
Touchscreen
See Touchscreen controllers support sections for kernel configuration details to enable support for the particular touchscreen. The touchscreen driver is modularized if you use default CL-SOM-iMX7 configuration and is not loaded by udev automatically on Linux boot. If the touchscreen driver is not loaded, the following command will load the touchscreen driver:
- For TI TSC2046 touch panel:
modprobe ads7846
The X Windows system of CL-SOM-iMX7 uses tslib X server input driver to get the input from the touchscreen.
Touchscreen calibration
All supported touchscreen devices can be calibrated using xinput_calibrator utility.
To calibrate the touchscreen:
- Run X Server by issuing '''startx &''' command
- Make sure the touchscreen driver is loaded as described in Touchscreen section
- Set the DISPLAY environment variable:
export DISPLAY=:0
- Run '''xinput_calibrator''' utility. For proper calibration you are required to touch the touchscreen corners and center in the following order: top-left, top-right, bottom-right, bottom-left, center.
- Create a file /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-calibration.conf and paste there a snippet with the calibration results:
# xinput_calibrator
Setting calibration data: 0, 4095, 0, 4095
Calibrating EVDEV driver for "ADS7846 Touchscreen" id=6
current calibration values (from XInput): min_x=0, max_x=4095 and min_y=0, max_y=4095
Doing dynamic recalibration:
Setting calibration data: 165, 3864, 3789, 268
--> Making the calibration permanent <--
copy the snippet below into '/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/99-calibration.conf' (/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/ in some distro's)
Section "InputClass"
Identifier "calibration"
MatchProduct "ADS7846 Touchscreen"
Option "Calibration" "165 3864 3789 268"
Option "SwapAxes" "0"
EndSection
MMC/SD
The support for MMC/SD card on CL-SOM-iMX7 is built into the Linux kernel. To mount a memory card, monitor /proc/partitions to see what partitions were detected on the MMC/SD card. For example, suppose an MMC/SD partition you'd like to mount is mmcblk0p1 then:
if [ ! -d /mnt/mmcblk0p1 ]; then mkdir /mnt/mmcblk0p1; fi mount /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/mmcblk0p1
GPIO access
Linux provides simple and convenient GPIO access via sysfs interface. A GPIO should be exported using /sys/class/gpio/export. After the GPIO is exported it is possible to change its direction and value using /sys/class/gpio/gpioX/direction and /sys/class/gpio/gpioX/value attributes.
Example
The following example demonstrates how to configure GPIO 140 as output and set value to high:
echo 140 > /sys/class/gpio/export echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio140/direction echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio140/value
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The above example assumes that the corresponding pin is set to mux mode 5 and the GPIO 140 is not requested in the Linux kernel. |
