CL-SOM-iMX7: Linux: Manual Installation

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Introduction

This article provides an introduction on how to install the example root filesystem image on the CompuLab CL-SOM-iMX7 System-on-Module / Computer-on-Module eMMC internal storage device or removable MMC/SD card.

Preparation steps

  • Obtain a PC workstation with a serial communication port.
  • For networked installation you need to install a TFTP server on the host PC. For Windows machines we recommend TFTPD32 included in the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 (link below).
  • Download the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 from CompuLab website. Unzip the package to a directory on your host workstation.
  • All image files mentioned below can be found in the images subdirectory.
  • Connect the host PC to the SBC-iMX7 base-board (connector P8) via the serial cable supplied with the evaluation kit.
  • Start terminal emulation software on your PC with the following serial port settings:
Baud Rate Data Bits Stop Bits Parity Flow Control
115200 8 1 none none
  • Turn on the CL-SOM-iMX7 evaluation system. The U-Boot boot-loader will start and you will get a command prompt.
Admolition note.png If the boot settings of your CL-SOM-iMX7 are different than the default, you may need to press and hold Ctrl-C while turning the CL-SOM-iMX7 on, in order to get command prompt.

Boot into the installation environment (ramdisk)

The first step in CL-SOM-iMX7 Linux installation is starting the installation environment (Linux kernel and Ramdisk image). This can be done using the following media:

Using installation environment on MMC/SD card

  • Copy kernel.img, ramdisk.dtb, ramdisk.img, rootfs.tar.bz2, imx7d-*.dtb and zImage-cl-som-imx7 from Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 to the root directory on the first partition of the MMC/SD card. The partition can be formatted either ext2/3/4 or FAT file system.
  • Insert the MMC/SD card into the SD socket (P9) on the SBC-iMX7.
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot the installation environment on the CL-SOM-iMX7 evaluation system:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # env default -a
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv fdt_file ramdisk.dtb
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv ramdisk_addr 0x82000000
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 rw ramdisk_size=16384 console=ttymxc0,115200 vram=16M'
CL-SOM-iMX7 # mmc rescan
CL-SOM-iMX7 # load mmc 0 ${loadaddr} kernel.img && load mmc 0 ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file} && load mmc 0 ${ramdisk_addr} ramdisk.img
CL-SOM-iMX7 # bootz ${loadaddr} ${ramdisk_addr} ${fdt_addr}

Using installation environment on USB storage

  • Copy kernel.img, ramdisk.dtb, ramdisk.img, rootfs.tar.bz2, imx7d-*.dtb and zImage-cl-som-imx7 from Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 to the root directory on the first partition of the USB storage. The partition can be formatted either ext2/3/4 or FAT file system.
  • Plug the USB storage to either port on the dual USB host connector P6 of the SBC-iMX7.
Admolition note.png SBC-iMX7 jumper E7 must be open
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot the installation environment on a CL-SOM-iMX7 evaluation system:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # env default -a
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv fdt_file ramdisk.dtb
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv ramdisk_addr 0x82000000
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 rw ramdisk_size=16384 console=ttymxc0,115200 vram=16M'
CL-SOM-iMX7 # usb start
CL-SOM-iMX7 # load usb 0 ${loadaddr} kernel.img && load usb 0 ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file} && load usb 0 ${ramdisk_addr} ramdisk.img
CL-SOM-iMX7 # bootz ${loadaddr} ${ramdisk_addr} ${fdt_addr}

Using installation environment from TFTP server

  • Connect the CL-SOM-iMX7 Ethernet port (connector P21 on the SBC-iMX7) to your local network.
  • Put kernel.img, ramdisk.dtb and ramdisk.img from Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 to a location accessible by the TFTP server:
    - On Windows machine: copy files to the same folder and point the TFTP server to that folder
    - On Linux machine: copy files to the TFTP server root directory, usually /tftpboot or /tftproot.
  • You can use U-Boot dhcp command to obtain an IP address or manually set ipaddr environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv ipaddr <CL-SOM-iMX7 ip address>
  • Set the serverip environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv serverip <tftp server host ip address>
  • Use the following U-Boot commands to boot Linux on CL-SOM-iMX7:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # env default -a
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv loadaddr 0x80800000
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv fdt_addr 0x83000000
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv fdt_file ramdisk.dtb
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv ramdisk_addr 0x82000000
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 rw ramdisk_size=16384 console=ttymxc0,115200 ip=dhcp vram=16M'
CL-SOM-iMX7 # tftpboot ${loadaddr} kernel.img && tftpboot ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file} && tftpboot ${ramdisk_addr} ramdisk.img
CL-SOM-iMX7 # bootz ${loadaddr} ${ramdisk_addr} ${fdt_addr}

Install Linux Images

The next step is installing the kernel and Debian Linux images. The following media can be used as a source for installation:

Mount an MMC/SD Card

  • The MMC/SD card is inserted into the SD socket (P9) on the SBC-iMX7 and it's mounted automatically under /media/mmcblk0pX. Where X is the partition number.
  • If for some reason the MMC/SD card hasn't been mounted automatically, use the following mount command:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mkdir -p /media/mmcblk0pX && mount /dev/mmcblk0pX /media/mmcblk0pX

Mount a USB Storage Device

  • The USB storage device is plugged to the dual USB host connector P6 of the SBC-iMX7 and it is mounted automatically under /media/sdXY. Where X is the device letter and Y is the partition number.
  • If for some reason the USB storage device hasn't been mounted automatically, use the following mount command:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mkdir -p /media/sdXY && mount /dev/sdXY /media/sdXY

Mount an NFS drive

  • Connect the CL-SOM-iMX7 Ethernet port (connector P21 on the SBC-iMX7) to your local network.
  • Copy the rootfs.tar.bz2, imx7d-*.dtb and the zImage-cl-som-imx7 from the Linux package for CL-SOM-iMX7 to a directory exported through NFS.
  • Obtain an IP address for the CL-SOM-iMX7:
    • Using DHCP:
      root@cl-ramdisk:~# ifup eth0
    • If you do not have a DHCP server, you can set a static IP address using ifconfig:
      root@cl-ramdisk:~# ifconfig eth0 <ip address>
  • Mount the NFS share:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mount -o nolock <host ip>:/path/to/nfs/share /mnt/net

Install Images

  • In this subsection the term /mount/point can be:
    • /mnt/net if NFS is used
    • /media/mmcblk0pX if an MMC/SD card is used, where X is the partition number.
    • /media/sdXY if USB storage is used, where X is the USB drive letter and Y is the partition number.

Once the ramdisk image is loaded and the media containing the CL-SOM-iMX7 Kernel and Debian Linux images is mounted, the installation can be done on:

Install on MMC/SD or eMMC

Admolition note.png The below procedure will work on an empty MMC device only.
If you have already used the MMC device, please delete all the partitions before proceeding.
  • Define an environment variable that describes an MMC/SD device:

MMC/SD 

root@cl-ramdisk:~# export TARGET_DEVICE=mmcblk0

eMMC 

root@cl-ramdisk:~# export TARGET_DEVICE=mmcblk2
  • Unmount all TARGET_DEVICE partitions:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# umount -l /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}p*
  • Clean up the on the TARGET_DEVICE:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/${TARGET_DEVICE} bs=1M count=1
root@cl-ramdisk:~# hdparm -z /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}
  • Create two partitions for the Linux kernel (FAT32 100M) and root file system (EXT4 the rest of the disk) on the MMC device:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# echo -e "n\np\n1\n\n+100M\na\n1\nt\nc\nn\np\n2\n\n\nw\neof\n" | fdisk /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}
  • Adjust the TARGET_DEVICE name:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# TARGET_DEVICE=$(awk -v device=${TARGET_DEVICE} 'BEGIN {if (device~/mmc/) {part="p"}; print device part}')
  • Format the first partition with FAT32 file system:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mkfs.vfat -n boot /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}1
  • Format the second partition with EXT4 file system:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}2
  • Mount both partitions:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mkdir -p /media/boot && mount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}1 /media/boot
root@cl-ramdisk:~# mkdir -p /media/rootfs && mount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}2 /media/rootfs
  • Copy zImage-cl-som-imx7 and imx7d-sbc-imx7.dtb to the first (FAT) partition:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# cp /mount/point/zImage-cl-som-imx7 /mount/point/imx7d-*.dtb /media/boot && sync
  • Extract the content of rootfs.tar.bz2 onto the second partition:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# tar --numeric-owner -xpf /mount/point/rootfs.tar.bz2 -C /media/rootfs && sync
  • Unmount both partitions:
root@cl-ramdisk:~# umount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}1
root@cl-ramdisk:~# umount /dev/${TARGET_DEVICE}2

After Installation

Boot Environment

Turn on the CL-SOM-iMX7 evaluation system to start U-Boot bootloader and get a command prompt.

Admolition note.png If the boot settings of the CL-SOM-iMX7 are different than default, you may need to press and hold Ctrl-C while turning the CL-SOM-iMX7 on, in order to get command prompt.

Common Environment Variables

CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv bootdelay 3
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv image zImage-cl-som-imx7
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv loadaddr 0x80800000
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv fdt_file imx7d-sbc-imx7.dtb
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv fdt_addr 0x83000000

Configuration Dependent Environment Variables

Display options

SBC-iMX7 has an option to connect either an LCD or a DVI display.

Below are examples that show how to change the boot environment in order to set the correct interface timing and geometry and work with either an LCD or a DVI display separately.

  • DVI display enable function:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv set_display 'fdt addr ${fdt_addr}; fdt rm lcdif/display/display-timings/lcd'
  • LCD display enable function:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv set_display 'fdt addr ${fdt_addr}; fdt rm lcdif/display/display-timings/dvi'
MMC/SD or eMMC
  • mmcdev environment variable:

MMC 

CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv mmcdev 0
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv mmcblk 0

eMMC 

CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv mmcdev 1
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv mmcblk 2
  • mmcroot environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv mmcroot "/dev/mmcblk${mmcblk}p2 rootwait rw"
  • Kernel and device tree loaders:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv loadimage 'load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${loadaddr} ${image}'
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv loadfdt 'load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdt_addr} ${fdt_file}'
  • bootargs environment variable:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv bootargs "console=ttymxc0,115200 root=${mmcroot}"

Boot command

  • Default boot command:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # setenv bootcmd 'run loadimage; run loadfdt; run set_display; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdt_addr}'
  • To boot Linux, type:
CL-SOM-iMX7 # saveenv
CL-SOM-iMX7 # run bootcmd

See also

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